Civil rights pioneer attorney Fred Gray Sr. says black youth in the United States are at a crisis.

"The future of our next generation, while influenced by the past, must be defined by the actions of the present," Gray said. "... The time is now and the need is now. And we need to say young African-American children are at a crisis. And it's the truth and it's a fact."

Gray, 77, was speaking to a crowd of 300 Friday at the 33rd Annual NAACP Freedom Fund Banquet at the Columbus Convention & Trade Center. In a rousing 45-minute speech, the attorney recounted some of the landmark legal cases that were the backbone of successes won during the 1950s, '60s and '70s, but struck a cautionary tone that there are battles to be fought and victories to be won in the 21st century.

"I saw then a need to make a difference," Gray said, speaking of the days of the Montgomery bus boycott sparked by Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat on a city bus to a white man. Just 24 years old and fresh out of Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Gray represented Parks in her case and appeal with the aid of the NAACP Legal Defense team.

"The fight then was for civil rights for a people, a deserving people," he said. "Now the fight is for human rights, social justice and the salvation of a dying people and yet a great people."

Gray described the plight of poor blacks as a "cradle to prison superhighway" and read the statistics that show prison populations have a disproportionate number of blacks to the number in the population of the United States. He said it was up to the older community to show youth that being good citizens and following a path away from crime is good and proper.

"As we enter this new year, one of our missions should be developing young people into positive, prepared and productive citizens," he said.

Gray is senior partner at the law firm of Gray, Langford, Sapp, McGowan, Gray & Nathanson based in Tuskegee, Ala., and Montgomery, Ala. In a career that has spanned more than a half-century, Gray has been the leading legal figure in actions that integrated the buses in Montgomery; desegregated the schools of Alabama; and initiated the move for the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

At Gray's urging, then-President Clinton made an official apology in 1997 to the men who were participants in the Tuskegee syphilis experiment and was the moving force behind the establishment of the Tuskegee Human and Civil Rights Multicultural Center in Tuskegee, Ala.

Gray is currently president of the center, which will be reopening with new exhibits on black history in May. Named the first black president of the Alabama Bar Association, Gray has been honored nationwide and is the recipient of the American Bar Association's Spirit of Excellence Award and National Bar Association's C. Frances Stradford Award.